Abstract In this study, antioxidant activities of extracts of 12 Korean strawberry cultivars were evaluated and validation of an analytical method for ellagic acid, a marker compound, was carried out. Cultivar 'Josaenghongshim' had the highest total polyphenol and flavonoid contents. In addition, cultivar 'Josaenghongshim' had the highest value and cultivar 'Seolhyang' showing the highest activity. Ellagic acid contents of 'Suhong', 'Okme', and 'Dahong' cultivars were the highest ellagic acid content. Correlation coefficient of the calibration curve was 0.9999, showing very high linearity. The HPLC-DAD method for the quantitation of ellagic acid content showed high linearity at various concentration ranges, with a limit of detection of 2.35 μg/mL. The limit of quantification was 7.13 μg/mL. Relative standard deviations from intra- and inter-day precision were less than 5.13%. Recovery rates of ellagic acid at 10, 50, and 100 μg/mL, respectively, were 99.0-100.1% with RSD values less than 5.30%. These results provide viable information for the validation of antioxidant capacities of 12 cultivars of Korean strawberries.

Abstract Various antimicrobial peptides play important roles as barrier function against bacteria and as innate host immunity. Several major studies have shown reduced expression of human beta defensin (hBD-3) in atopic dermatitis, highlighting the importance of hBD-3. In course of our search for hBD-3 stimulatory herbal souces and biologically active components, we screened 400 oriental herbal extracts using a range of real-time PCRs in the human keratinocyte cell line, HaCaT cells. We found that only six herbal extracts from Rubi Fructus, Lysimachiae Foenumgraeci Herba, Ailanthi Radicis Cortex, Galla Rhois, Peucedani Radix and Albizziae Cortex showed significant hBD-3 stimulatory effects. Although it did not have antimicrobial activity due to the low cytotoxic effect of Ailanthi Radicis Cortex, we further identified hBD-3-stimulating active ingredient in this extract. Efficient activity profiling based on HPLC was performed to identify active components from the extract of Ailanthi Radicis Cortex, and an hBD-3 stimulatory quassinoid component, ailanthone was identified by spectroscopic analysis. The present results show that Ailanthi Radicis Cortex and ailanthone have the potential to stimulate the expression of hBD-3 in HaCaT cells. These findings suggest new possibilities to control bacterial over-colonization found in atopic dermatitis using hBD-3 stimulatory herbal sources and ailanthone.

Abstract In this study, antioxidant activities of HeukHarang a novel Korean Lectuca sativa L.extracts compair with Red skirt lettuce. The highest total polyphenol contents was 60% ethanol extracts of HeukHarang and total flavonoid contents was 40% ethanol extracts, 84.70 ± 0.11 mg TAE/10 g DW and 63.82 ± 0.09 mg QE/10 g DW, respectively. The highest FRAP activity and PMA were 60% and 80% ethanol extracts of heuharang, 1,876.3 ± 0.01 mM TEAC/10 g DW and 26.2 ± 0.0 mM AAEAC/10 g DW, respectively. Radical scavenging activity also HeukHarang ethanol extracts was higher than Red skirt lettuce. The highest ORAC value was 76.0 ± 0.43 mM TEAC/10 g DWthehd, 100% ethanol extracts of HeukHarang. As a result, the all antioxidant activities of Heuhalang ethanol extracts were higher than that of Red skirt lettuce as a control.

Abstract This study aims at characterization of the anti-cancer active compounds separated from stems and branches of Sambucus williamsii var. coreana Nakai (Caprifoliaceae). Bioactivity-guided fractionation of ethanol extracts from the S. williamsii was isolated of three triterpenoid compounds. S. williamsii fractions showed superior growth inhibitory activity against three cancer cells (HCT116, A549 and MDA-MB231). Active fraction was isolated and analyzed and led to the identification of three active triterpenoid compounds using HPLC, NMR, and LC-MS spectrometer, their structures were established as betulinic acid (1), oleanolic acid (2) and ursolic acid (3). The results of this study performed with S. williamsii will be helpful to develop new and efficient anti-cancer agents. Also, this research was supported the previous separations and isolations studies on active ingredients of S. williamsii.